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| native_name = | image = Jp aunshinrikyo logo flag.gif | formation = 1984 | type = | headquarters = | membership = Approximately 1,950 members〔 | key_people = Shoko Asahara | staff = | volunteers = | budget = | website = }} Aum Shinrikyo (jap. ), which split into Aleph and Hikari no Wa in 2007, is a Japanese doomsday cult founded by Shoko Asahara in 1984. It gained international notoriety when it carried out the deadly Tokyo subway sarin attack in 1995 and was found to have been responsible for another smaller sarin attack the previous year. Aum Shinrikyo has been formally designated a terrorist organization by several countries, including Canada,〔("Order Recommending that Each Entity Listed as of 23 July 2004, in the Regulations Establishing a List of Entities Remain a Listed Entity" ), ''Canada Gazette'' Part II, Vol. 138, No. 24〕 Kazakhstan,〔("East Turkistan Liberation Organization (ETLO)" ), Globalsecurity.org〕 and the United States.〔 Japan's Public Security Examination Commission considers Aleph and Hikari no Wa to be branches of a "dangerous religion"〔National Police Agency (Japan) (2009), ), GYOSEI Corporation, English p. 160.〕 and announced in January 2015 that they would remain under surveillance for three more years.〔 == Doctrine == Aum Shinrikyo/Aleph is a syncretic belief system that drew upon Asahara's idiosyncratic interpretations of elements of early Indian Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism along with Hinduism, taking Shiva as main image of worship and incorporating millennialist ideas from the Christian Book of Revelation, Yoga and the writings of Nostradamus. Its founder, Chizuo Matsumoto, claimed that he sought to restore "original Buddhism". In 1992 Matsumoto, who changed his name to Shoko Asahara, published a foundational book, and declared himself "Christ", Japan's only fully enlightened master and identified with the "Lamb of God". His purported mission was to take upon himself the sins of the world, and he claimed he could transfer to his followers spiritual power and ultimately take away their sins and bad deeds. While many discount Aum Shinrikyo's Buddhist characteristics and affiliation to Buddhism, scholars often refer to it as an offshoot of Japanese Buddhism,〔''Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence'' by Mark Juergensmeyer, University of California Press 2003, p.103 ISBN 0-520-24011-1〕 and this was how the movement generally defined and saw itself.〔''Poisonous Cocktail: Aum Shinrikyo's Path to Violence'' by Ian Reader, NIAS Publications 1996, p.16 ISBN 87-87062-55-0〕 Asahara outlined a doomsday prophecy, which included a World War III instigated by the United States. He described a final conflict culminating in a nuclear "Armageddon", borrowing the term from the Book of Revelation .〔Lifton, Robert Jay, ''Destroying the World to Save It: Aum Shinrikyo, Apocalyptic Violence, and the New Global Terrorism.'' New York: Macmillan (2000).〕 Humanity would end, except for the elite few who joined Aum.〔 Aum's mission was not only to spread the word of "salvation", but also to survive these "End Times". Asahara predicted Armageddon would occur in 1997.〔 He called the United States "The Beast" from the Book of Revelation, predicting that it would eventually attack Japan.〔 He also saw dark conspiracies everywhere promulgated by Jews, Freemasons, the Dutch, the British Royal Family, and rival Japanese religions. Aum Shinrikyo justified its violence through its own unique interpretation of Buddhist ideas and doctrines, such as the Buddhist concepts of Mappō and Shōhō - Aum claimed that by bringing about the end of the world, they would restore Shōhō.〔Metraux, Daniel A., Asian Survey, "Religious Terrorism in Japan: The Fatal Appeal of Aum Shinrikyo", Vol. 35, Issue 12 (December: 1995) p. 1153〕 Furthermore, Asahara interpreted the Tibetan Buddhist concept of poa in order to claim that by killing someone contrary to the group's aims, they were preventing them from accumulating bad kharma and thus saving them.〔Robert Jay Lifton, ''Destroying the World to Save It'' 1999〕 The name , usually rendered in English as "Supreme Truth", derives from the Sanskrit syllable ''Aum'', used to represent the universe, followed by the Japanese ''Shinrikyo'' (meaning, roughly, "religion of Truth") written in kanji. In 2000, the organization changed its name to "Aleph"a reference to the first letter of the Phoenician, Hebrew and Arabic alphabetsand replaced its logo. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aum Shinrikyo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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